Since this movement is a downward motion, a lever and spring setup inside the injector allows the pintle to open and close. The actual movement is microscopic, but enough to make the piezo element act as the valve. This translates into precise fuel metering and allows for multiple injector events to occur each combustion cycle.Ī piezo element only expands a miniscule amount, so hundreds of slices are stacked on top of each other so that the net movement is only about 0.004 inch. Modern BMW piezo injectorsĪlthough manufacturers such as Bosch, Siemens, and Delphi are all working on a solenoid based injector design that will perform as well as the piezo type, we will focus on the latter as these injectors are what you will encounter most often.Īccording to Bosch, which introduced piezo injectors to the industry, a piezo actuator acts up to five times faster than a standard injector solenoid and the motion is frictionless. But before we get into that, let’s delve into what makes the modern BMW injector work. BMW made the switch to direct injection for good reason - namely, improved fuel efficiency, lower emissions, better performance, and cooler cylinder temperatures. In 2007 BMW introduced the N54 engine featuring direct injection and turbocharging on the 335i model.īMW’s current lineup features almost all turbocharged and direct injected engines. However they did not implement DI in automotive applications until the mid 2000s. Direct injection is not all that new.īMW used direct injection in airplane engines in the 1930s. Port injection has been phased out and you will mostly see the direct type injectors in the field. When we discuss BMW fuel injectors we will focus primarily on the direct injection type or GDI. Understanding new technology is the key to successful repairs. The combination of his pioneering form and the elaborate sequence of using the dynamic spinning current technique, leads to satisfactory results of produced Hall voltage with small noise in a presence of external magnetic field.Piezo injectors aren’t just for diesels. Furthermore we calculate the function which governs the changes in the electric field inside the new Hall effect sensor in presence of magnetic field.This function help us to control in MatLab environment the equipotential lines and to monitor the changes when biasing conditions are change. Finally the device can be made in a way to reuse the current, if integrated in a BiCMOS technology providing for matched JFETs. This is equivalent to minimum charge injection that 0 in turn – allows spinning frequency increase.The device senses all 3 filed dimensions, namely the flux-density of BZ is proportional to the DC component of the output signal, whereas the BX and BY components are proportional to the first harmonic of the output signal. Moreover it provides for high-speed spinning, given that the voltage distribution changes moderately between different phases. As a result the Device is equivalent to an “ideal” voltage or current Hall sensor with geometrical factor of one (GH = 1). We call it “Wheel Hall Senor”.The device exploits the signals attributed to Hall voltage, Hall current and geometric MR effect. In this work we present a model and numerical analysis of a new Hall effect sensor which using a novel offset reduction method. The offset can be reduced when the spinningcurrent principle is applied. A large portion of this offset is caused by mechanical stress in the device. Silicon Hall plates show an offset of a few millitesla.
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Houstis - University of Thessaly, Volos (Greece) Pages 780 - 785 DOI 10.5162/sensor11/sp5.4 ISBN 978-3-981 Price free Abstract
Petoussis - Universität Würzburg (Germany), P. P5.4 - Novel Dynamic Technique Reducing the Offset Voltage in a Hall Effect Sensor Event SENSOR+TEST Conferences 2011 - Nürnberg Band Proceedings SENSOR 2011 Chapter P5 - Magnetic Author(s) V.
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